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Homoeosaurus was a genus of reptiles that lived during the late Jurassic and
early Cretaceous. It is a member of the order Sphenodontia and the family
Sphenodontidae. Fossil remains of Homoeosaurus pulchellus were found at the
Stalk Quarry, Schamhaupten in Bayern, Germany. They date to the late
Kimmeridgian (155.7 - 150.8 million years ago). Fossils of Homoeosaurus sp. have
been discovered at Sunnydown Farm Quarry in England. The Paleobiology Database
lists the span of the strata as Middle Berriasian (145.5 - 140.2 million years
ago). [Note - The Berriasian was the first age of the Cretaceous.] Kimmeridgian
remains of Homoeosaurus maximilianus were unearthed in the Solnhofen Limestone
of Eichstatt, Bavaria in Germany.
This excerpt of Palaeos Vertebrates tells about physical characteristics of
the Sphenodontidae family:
Characters: VS-M size. See Clevosaurs entry for basic skull structure. $Teeth
fused to jaw margin (fully acrodont) and not replaced; less than 4(7?)
premaxillary teeth; $marginal teeth added posteriorly as jaw grows; dentary fits
between maxillary teeth and parallel row of palatal teeth; Meckelian canals runs
along middle of jaw & is at least partially open; broad mandibular symphysis
This excerpt says:
$lacrimal absent; large upper temporal fenestra; complete lower temporal bar;
quadratojugal retained; rigid quadrate; well-developed posterior tubercle on
posterior margin of ischium; epiphyses present with determinate growth; may have
osteoderms (Pamizinsaurus); food crushed thoroughly (insects & birds).
These are definitions of terms:
Quadratojugal - Bone at base of lower jaw.
Ischium - The posterioventral member of the three bones that form the pelvis
Epiphysis (Plural: Epiphyses) - The terminal, generally ossified parts of long
bones, including the articulating surfaces.
Neal Robbins
P.S. The taxonomy of Homoeosaurus is:
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Sauropsida
Order: Sphenodontia
Family: Spenodontidae
Genus: Homoeosaurus
The species are:
Homoeosaurus pulchellus
H. maximilianus
H. sp.
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